1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase

In enzymology, a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (EC 4.4.1.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + methylthioadenosine

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, and two products, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate and methylthioadenosine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically carbon-sulfur lyases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate-forming). Other names in common use include 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylate synthase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthetase, aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid synthase, aminocyclopropanecarboxylate synthase, ACC synthase, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine methylthioadenosine-lyase. This enzyme participates in propanoate metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 6 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1B8G, 1IAX, 1IAY, 1M4N, 1M7Y, and 1YNU.

References

• Boller T, Herner RC and Kende H (1979). "Assay for and enzymatic formation of an ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid". Planta 145 (3): 293–303. doi:10.1007/BF00454455. 
• Yu YB, Adams DO, Yang SF (1979). "1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylate synthase, a key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 198 (1): 280–6. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(79)90420-X. PMID 507845.